Aim: Loss of all natural teeth is termed as edentulism. In elderly population with edentulism, depression enhances the risk of poor oral health. Present research was done to assess edentulism in elderly patients and its correlation with depression.
Materials and methods: Present research comprised of 530 completely edentulous subjects. Personal Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8) was subjected to all patients to evaluate the depression status. Parameters such as education, marital position, and socioeconomic position were also noted.
Results: There was 280 (52.8%) males and 250 (47.2%) females out of 530 patients; 280 (52.8%) subjects had low socioeconomic status, 170 (32.0%) had middle, and 95 (17.9%) had high socioeconomic status. Total 275 (51.8%) patients had education up to primary standard, 170 (32.0%) had high, and 105 (19.2%) had secondary standard. Total 502 (94.8%) patients were married and 28 (5.2%) were unmarried. All variables showed statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). Patient health questionnaire (PHQ-8) scoring and interpretation with behavioral risk factor surveillance survey (BRFSS) response conversion showed that most of the patients (60.2%) had score more than 15, which suggests that patients had depression symptoms. Edentulism was significantly associated with socioeconomic status (OR 1.02, 95% CI = 0.94–2.06), education level (OR 1.0, 95% CI = 0.98–1.72), marital status (OR 1.14, 95% CI =1.08–2.34), and depression (OR 1.50, 95% CI = 1.24–2.14).
Conclusion: It was observed in this study that edentulism was more predominant among patients with poor socioeconomic status, married, and patients with education level up to primary level. Maximum number of patients had depression symptoms, thus indicating correlation of depression with tooth loss.
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