Comparative Evaluation of Crestal Bone Loss in Surface-treated Hydrophilic Implants vs Moderately Rough Hydrophobic Implants: A Prospective Study
Kamal Vashisht, Sapna Rani
Keywords :
Chemical surface treatment, Crestal bone loss, Implant dentistry, Oral implantology, Osseointegration
Citation Information :
Vashisht K, Rani S. Comparative Evaluation of Crestal Bone Loss in Surface-treated Hydrophilic Implants vs Moderately Rough Hydrophobic Implants: A Prospective Study. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2022; 12 (4):174-180.
Purpose: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate and compare the crestal bone loss in surface-treated hydrophilic implants versus moderately rough hydrophobic implants.
Materials and methods: A total of 20 implants were placed in patients, divided into two groups—group I—sandblasted, large grit, acid-etched implant surface (SLA) (sandblast, acid-etched hydrophobic, n = 10) and group II— SLA plus hydrophilic surface treatment (SLA-SH) (sandblast, acid etched hydrophilic, n = 10). Crestal bone loss was evaluated and compared radiographically with cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and intraoral periapical radiograph (IOPA). CBCT was done at baseline (time of insertion) and 24 weeks after insertion of implants. IOPA radiograph was taken at baseline, 10th and 24th week. The statistical analysis was done using paired t-test to evaluate the change from baseline to follow-up. The intergroup comparison was analyzed using an unpaired t-test to compare the mean crestal bone loss.
Results: Crestal bone loss on mesial, distal, buccal, and lingual when compared using CBCT in both groups at baseline; no significant difference was observed. After 24 weeks of implant placement, a significant difference was observed on all sides in both groups (0.026, 0.008, 0.047, and 0.043, respectively). Intragroup comparison of group I and group II at 24 weeks using CBCT showed a significant difference in crestal bone loss when compared with baseline. On comparison of bone loss through IOPA, group I and II showed statistical differences on the distal side (0.001) at 10 weeks and mesial (0.046) and distal (0.006) sides at 24 weeks.
Conclusion: The bone loss was evident in both groups when compared with the baseline. Surface-treated hydrophilic implants showed less bone loss as compared to moderately rough hydrophobic implants. Surface-treated implants seem to reduce crestal bone loss, so they can be preferred in cases where early loading is required.
Osteointegration: Associated Branemark Osseointegration Centers 2010. Available from: http://www.branemark.com/Osseointegration.html
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